Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Puerto Rico (2005)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Puerto Rico (2005)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	Puerto Rico (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (commonwealth associated with the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 22% (male 441,594/female 421,986) 15-64 years: 65.5% (male 1,228,583/female 1,337,066) 65 years and over: 12.4% (male 211,283/female 276,120) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas, livestock products, chickens
Airports	5 (2002)	30 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 17 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 9,104 sq km land: 8,959 sq km water: 145 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917. Popularly-elected governors have served since 1948. In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	13.93 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $6.7 billion expenditures: $9.6 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (FY99/00)
Capital	Stanley	San Juan
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	1,288 km	501 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	ratified 3 March 1952, approved by US Congress 3 July 1952, effective 25 July 1952
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico conventional short form: Puerto Rico
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	commonwealth associated with the US
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (commonwealth associated with the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (commonwealth associated with the US)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	increasing numbers of illegal migrants from the Dominican Republic cross the Mona Passage to Puerto Rico each year looking for work
Economic aid - recipient	none	NA (2001)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 1999. Growth fell off in 2001-03, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy, and has recovered in 2004.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	20.54 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	22.09 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,338 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages
Ethnic groups	British	white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9%
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (since 2 January 2005) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the legislature elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (PPD) elected governor; percent of vote - 48.4%
Exports	NA (2001)	NA
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	chemicals, electronics, apparel, canned tuna, rum, beverage concentrates, medical equipment
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	US 90.3%, UK 1.6%, Netherlands 1.4%, Dominican Republic 1.4% (2002 est.)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center; design initially influenced by the US flag, but similar to the Cuban flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 1% industry: 45% services: 54% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $17,700 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2.7% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	18 15 N, 66 30 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: 25,328 km paved: 23,665 km (including 426 km of expressways) unpaved: 1,363 km (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA (2001)	NA
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food, fish, petroleum products
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	US 55.0%, Ireland 23.7%, Japan 5.4% (2002 est.)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (commonwealth associated with the US)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 8.24 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	6.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	ICFTU	ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WToO (associate)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	400 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court (justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the consent of the Senate)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	1.3 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	agriculture 3%, industry 20%, services 77% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 3.95% permanent crops: 5.52% other: 90.53% (2001)
Languages	English	Spanish, English
Legal system	English common law	based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal system of justice
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (at least 27 seats - currently 29; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PNP 43.4%, PPD 40.3%, PIP 9.4%; seats by party - PNP 17, PPD 9, PIP 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PNP 46.3%, PPD 43.1%, PIP 9.7%; seats by party - PNP 32, PPD 18, PIP 1 note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor, he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); results - percent of vote by party - PNP 48.6%; seats by party - PNP 1; Luis FORTUNO elected resident commissioner
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 78.29 years male: 74.35 years female: 82.43 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 94.1% male: 93.9% female: 94.4% (2002 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic
Map references	South America	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 36,728 GRT/37,048 DWT by type: roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 2 (United States 2) registered in other countries: 1 (2005)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary National Guard, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	US Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens) adjective: Puerto Rican
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	periodic droughts; hurricanes
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-1.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	National Democratic Party [Celeste BENITEZ]; National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive Party or PNP (pro-US statehood) [Pedro ROSSELLO]; Popular Democratic Party or PPD (pro-commonwealth) [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA]; Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP (pro-independence) [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN; Armed Forces of Popular Resistance; Boricua Popular Army (also known as the Macheteros); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	3,916,632 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	0.47% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	Las Mareas, Mayaguez, San Juan
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 72, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	0 km	total: 96 km narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2004)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal; island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: modern system integrated with that of the US by high-capacity submarine cable and Intelsat with high-speed data capability domestic: digital telephone system; cellular telephone service international: country code - 1-787, 939; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat; submarine cable to US
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	1,329,500 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	1,211,111 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	6 (19 relay stations) (2004)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	1.91 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	12% (2002)
Waterways	none	-

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